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A state-of-the-art guide to evolving functional neurosurgery approaches from world-renowned innovators Functional neurosurgery focuses on improving the lives of patients with epilepsy, movement disorders, pain, and psychiatric illnesses. In recent years, approaches ranging from open surgery to minimally invasive techniques have been leveraged to improve daily functioning and quality of life in people struggling with painful, highly disruptive, and/or treatment-resistant symptoms. These approaches focus on reducing or eliminating seizures, alleviating pain, decreasing abnormal movements or lessening debilitating symptoms associated with specific psychiatric disorders.